abstract：:In Parkinson's disease, together with the classic loss of dopamine neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta, neuropathological studies and biochemical findings documented the occurrence of a concomitant significant cell death in the locus coeruleus. This review analyzes the latest data obtained from experimental ...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Gesi M,Soldani P,Giorgi FS,Santinami A,Bonaccorsi I,Fornai F

更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper offers a reexamination of some long-held beliefs relating to the physiology of erectile function and dysfunction, including the idea that there is a singular physiology of erection. Rather, there appear to be plural neural, neurochemical, and endocrine mechanisms whose participation in erectile function dep...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Sachs BD

更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:ADHD has been sometimes associated to a defective interhemispheric cross-talk caused by hypoplasia of the corpus callosum. The inbred mouse strain I/LnJ shows total callosal agenesis with complete penetrance, and behavioral features which resemble ADHD. In conditioned learning tasks, as well as in paradigms of spontan...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Magara F,Ricceri L,Wolfer DP,Lipp HP

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gender differences in ADHD may be attributable to gender differences in dopamine receptor density. Striatal male D2 receptor density increases 144+/-26% between 25 and 40 days (the onset of puberty), while female D2 receptor density increases only 31+/-7%. Male receptor density is then sharply eliminated by 55% by adu...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Andersen SL,Teicher MH

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The study of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) system has benefited from the identification, classification and cloning of multiple 5-HT receptors (5-HT1 to 5-HT7). Growing evidence suggests that 5-HT is important in learning and memory and all its receptors might be implicated in this. Actually, 5-HT pathways, 5-HT reuptake...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Meneses A

更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated whether genetic differences in various forms of intraspecific aggression and anxiety in four different genetic lines of mice (i.e. wild, outbred Swiss-CD1, inbred DBA/2 and inbred C57/BL6N) may reflect modifications in behavioral strategy. Experiments 1 and 2 used ethologically based paradigms to analy...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Parmigiani S,Palanza P,Rogers J,Ferrari PF

更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Guinea pigs exhibit a rich and varied social organization. Studies in recent years have demonstrated that social stimuli have widespread neuroendocrine effects in guinea pigs. Here, effects on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal, adrenal medullary/sympathetic, and hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal systems of both adult an...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Hennessy MB

更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The only evidence for nutrient selection comes from baseline or treatment effects on nutrient intakes that are qualitatively similar when sensorily contrasting forms of each macronutrient are investigated and/or dietary compositions and strains of rat or mouse are different within or between laboratories. By that crit...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Thibault L,Booth DA

更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human infants are particularly responsive to olfactory cues emanating from their mother's nipple/areola region. Beginning within minutes after birth, maternal breast odors elicit preferential head orientation by neonates and help guide them to the nipple. Such odors also influence babies' general motor activity and ar...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Porter RH,Winberg J

更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present review discusses the history and paradigm of the conditioned avoidance response (CAR) in rats for the detection of potential antipsychotic activity of drugs. In addition, the role of dopamine (DA) D2, serotonin (5-HT)2A/2C, alpha1, 5-HT1A, DA D4, muscarinic and glutamate receptors in the suppression of CAR...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Wadenberg ML,Hicks PB

更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lick sensors are versatile instruments that are routinely used in behavioral and neuroscience research involving fluid ingestion in the rat. There are three different types of sensors: electrical, optical and force sensors. They differ in the exact moment of activation during the tongue protrusion/retraction cycle. Pr...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Weijnen JA

更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A basic aspect of the neuronal control of bipedal stance and gait represents the antigravity function of leg extensors. Proprioceptive reflexes involved in the maintenance of body equilibrium depend on the presence of contact forces opposing gravity. Extensor load receptors are thought to signal changes of the project...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Dietz V

更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This review summarizes the postural development in the rat and the influences of vestibular deprivation from the 5th postnatal day on this development. Vestibular deprivation leads to a delay in motor development. Most probably this delay is caused by a delay in the development of postural control, which is characteri...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Geisler HC,Gramsbergen A

更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Emotional hyperthermia, circadian variations and the rise of body temperature related to exercise, have all been attributed to setpoint temperature shifts. The accepted theory holds that core temperature is regulated by corrective thermoregulatory responses opposing the core temperature deviations from the setpoint le...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Briese E

更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The problems and issues associated with the use of pharmacological antagonists in studies on learning and memory are considered in a review of the role of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, NMDA receptor-mediated long-term potentiation (LTP), and muscarinic receptors in spatial learning in the water maze. The evid...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Cain DP

更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:How do ensembles of neurons distributed across the hippocampal and entorhinal cortices effectively interact? In the awake-behaving rat, specific subpopulations of hippocampal and entorhinal neurons become entrained into two prominent fast-frequency rhythms (gamma [40-100 Hz], and 200 Hz). These fast rhythms are couple...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Chrobak JJ,Buzsáki G

更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gerbils form stable male/female pairbonds. Disruption of these has been shown to have consequences for subsequent social behaviour. The response in males is typically a decrease in the initiation of social contacts, whilst females typically freeze when approached. The current studies examined the influence on these ph...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Starkey NJ,Hendrie CA

更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Anatomical and functional studies show that the hypothalamus is at the junction of mechanisms involved in the exploratory appraisal phase of behaviour and mechanisms involved in the execution of specific consummatory acts. However, the hypothalamus is also a crucial link in endocrine regulation. In natural settings it...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Kruk MR,Westphal KG,Van Erp AM,van Asperen J,Cave BJ,Slater E,de Koning J,Haller J

更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is argued that both stimulus-response (S-R) and cognitive theories of learning and behaviour capture part of the truth, in that these terms involve two different types of process that are jointly responsible for the control of behaviour. The proposal that both processes coexist is investigated in the context of the...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Toates F

更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In theoretical descriptions formulated during the 1600s, R. Descartes attributed a clock-like role to the pineal gland. He established the belief that pineal function underlies the laws of the universe that determine the cyclic sleep-awake states in man. Recent reports about pineal circadian pacemakers now validate th...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Barrera-Mera B,Barrera-Calva E

更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lasting changes in anxiety-like behavior (ALB) may be produced in several ways. These include partial limbic kindling, injection of the beta-carboline FG-7142, and brief, non-injurious, exposure of rodents to cats (predator stress). Both seizures and FG-7142 induce long-term potentiation (LTP) in efferent pathways of ...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Adamec R

更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Water intake may or may not be associated with sodium appetite. There are excitatory and inhibitory mechanisms that control these behaviors whose mediators and interactions are unclear. We investigated the effects of specific antisera against angiotensin II (AB-AII) and atrial natriuretic peptide (AB-ANP) on the induc...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Franci CR

更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ventral lateral geniculate nucleus (vLGN) and the intergeniculate leaflet (IGL) are retinorecipient subcortical nuclei. This paper attempts a comprehensive summary of research on these thalamic areas, drawing on anatomical, electrophysiological, and behavioral studies. From the current perspective, the vLGN and IG...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Harrington ME

更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Both Lesch-Nyhan syndrome and Parkinson's disease are associated with decreased brain dopamine, yet each disorder is characterized by a different set of motor symptoms. Lesch-Nyhan syndrome is manifested in early childhood, while parkinsonism usually does not appear until adulthood, suggesting that age at the time of ...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Moy SS,Criswell HE,Breese GR

更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In vitro and in vivo electrophysiological studies have been used to assess the effects of glutamate, as well as specific agonists and antagonists for ionotropic, N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA), (R,S)-alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid (AMPA) and kainate, and metabotropic subtypes of the glutamate re...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Meltzer LT,Christoffersen CL,Serpa KA

更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There are approximately 75 species of American opossums (didelphids). Systematic behavioral research has been reported for only a small number of species, namely, Monodelphis domestica and Didelphis virginiana. Observational studies and field reports on several other didelphid species have also been published. The cur...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Kimble DP

更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have shown repeatedly that pre-treatment of neonatal rats with dexamethasone provides protection against hypoxic-ischemic brain damage. Although the mechanism of action is not certain, hypothermia, an alteration in cerebral perfusion or an induction of antioxidant enzymes does not readily explain this effect. A rel...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Tuor UI

更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This review surveys experiments that have examined the effects of acute and chronic MDMA exposure on schedule-controlled operant behaviors thought to engender responses that reflect the expression of complex brain functions. Such functions include time estimation, short-term memory, learning, motivation, and color and...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Frederick DL,Paule MG

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Paradoxical sleep in rats, cats and mice is usually preceded and sometimes followed by a short-lasting (a few seconds) electroencephalogram (EEG) stage characterized by high-amplitude spindles in the anterior cortex and low-frequency theta rhythm in the dorsal hippocampus. The former is an index of advanced slow-wave ...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Gottesmann C

更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present paper reviews a series of experiments aimed at elucidating the interaction between specific dopamine (DA) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) receptors in the mediation of extrapyramidal motor functions in the rat. There is strong evidence to suggest that (1) the catalepsy produced by dopamine D1 or D2 receptor...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Wadenberg ML

更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The intent of this paper is to evaluate decreases of food intake and body weight that occur when a peptide is administered to an animal. Using the pancreatic hormone insulin as an example, the case is made that endogenous insulin is normally secreted in response to circulating nutrients as well as in proportion to the...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Woods SC,Chavez M,Park CR,Riedy C,Kaiyala K,Richardson RD,Figlewicz DP,Schwartz MW,Porte D Jr,Seeley RJ

更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vago-vagal reflex control circuits in the dorsal vagal complex of the brainstem provide overall coordination over digestive functions of the stomach, small intestine and pancreas. The neural components forming these reflex circuits are under significant descending neural control. By adjusting the excitability of the d...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Rogers RC,McTigue DM,Hermann GE

更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Unilateral Spatial Neglect (USN) can be considered as a defect in spatial orienting of attention toward the half space contralateral to the damaged hemisphere. Since the classical work of Brain, W.R. Brain 64:224-272 (1941), several authors have emphasized that this defect is definitely more frequent and severe in pat...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Gainotti G

更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of manipulations aimed at modifying the function of the 5-HT system has been reviewed. 5-HT uptake inhibitors are devoid of any activity in rats and induce an anti-immobility effect in mice. The so-called 5-HT1A agonists reduce the immobility time with some differences in mice and rats, mice being less sens...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Borsini F

更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recognition that posterior basal and medial parts of the prefrontal cortex belong to the cortical component of the limbic system was important in understanding their anatomic and functional organization. In primates, the limbic system has evolved along with the neocortex and maintains strong connections with associati...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Barbas H

更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A unique aspect of the circulating renin-angiotensin system and the many independent tissue renin-angiotensin systems is their interactions at multiple levels with reproduction. These interactions, which have received relatively little attention, include effects of estrogens and possibly androgens on hepatic and renal...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Ganong WF

更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dopamine (DA) receptor supersensitivity refers to the phenomenon of an enhanced physiological, behavioral or biochemical response to a DA agonist. Literature related to ontogenetic aspects of this process was reviewed. Neonatal 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) destruction of rat brain DA neurons produces overt sensitization...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Kostrzewa RM

更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In ingestive taste reactivity analysis, the rhythmic oral motor responses observed during intraoral infusion of fluids normally ingested by rats are categorized and counted. These rhythmic movements can be likened to spout-licking in several respects. Both are emitted in the same frequency range (5-8 Hz), organized in...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Kaplan JM,Roitman MF,Grill HJ

更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) contain a circadian system consisting of circadian oscillator (clock) that is normally synchronized by the light/dark cycle (input) and drives circadian rhythms (output) that are intrinsic to the SCN. Gene expression of immediate-early genes, such as c-fos and jun-B, in the ventrolater...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Ikonomov OC,Stoynev AG

更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present paper provides an overview of findings that implicate growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) and somatostatin (SS), the two peptides that regulate growth hormone secretion, in the central regulation of feeding. Evidence is presented that GHRH and SS increase food intake, in the rat, via a common centrally...

journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

authors： Feifel D,Vaccarino FJ

更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00